The Art of Baklava: Crafting the Perfect Georgian Delicacy

Baklava, a rich and sweet confectionery, is a classic that has captivated cooks and food lovers for generations. This intricate dessert, originally from the Middle East, requires a blend of art and patience to create. In this article, we explore the traditional and alternative ingredients, methods, and variations that contribute to the sublime perfection of baklava.

Ingredients and Fillings

The core of baklava lies in its filo dough (phyllo dough), a thin, layered pastry that is a fundamental component in this dish. Depending on the recipe, the filling can differ significantly. Traditional baklava often features walnuts, honey, and cardamom, creating a flavor profile that is both aromatic and sweet. In Middle Eastern countries, such as Turkey and Greece, pistachios and honey are commonly used, while in Russia, walnuts, almonds, and pecans are preferred.

“In the Middle” Layer

For the striking “in the middle” layer, a combination of nuts and spices is key to adding depth to the flavor. Ground walnuts and pistachios, combined with cardamom or cinnamon with a pinch of salt, create a harmonious mix. These additions not only enhance the taste but also complement the layers of phyllo dough beautifully.

Syrup and Flavoring

The syrup is a pivotal element in baklava, often made with honey or sugar, sometimes flavored with rose water, orange blossom water, or even just left plain. However, the choice of syrup and its flavoring can be quite subjective. For instance, while rose water is a popular choice in some regions, I have found that orange blossom water is less essential in the syrup itself. The essential oils in orange blossom water do not dissolve in water and can evaporate under heat, making them largely ineffective in the final dish.

Preserving Flavors with Orange Blossom Water

Interestingly, a small amount of orange blossom water in melted butter does help to preserve its flavors. This technique is often used to maintain the delicate essence of the ingredient. For those fond of baklava with a pecan flavor, using a tiny amount of pecan-infused butter can also enhance the overall taste.

Alternative Laying Techniques

Traditionally, phyllo dough is used, but there are alternative methods to achieve the same delicious results. Last time I made baklava, I opted for brick pastry as a substitute. This involves creating thin sheets of batter that are brushed onto a nonstick surface and then set into a boiling pot of water to make paper-thin sheets. Using gram flour instead of wheat flour allows for a gluten-free version of baklava. The green flavor of chickpea batter disappears during baking, but the high protein content results in a richer dessert.

Preparation and Clearing

The process of making baklava is time-consuming and requires significant patience. Preparation can take up to 1.5 hours, followed by another 1.5 hours of baking. Once the baklava is baked, clearing up the kitchen can be quite a task, though it's manageable. Thankfully, this process is much easier compared to the cleanup required after making moussaka.

Turkish Delight: The True Essence of Baklava

For those seeking the authentic flavor and texture of baklava, it is recommended to look for Turkish recipes. The traditional recipe includes phyllo dough, butter, walnuts, sugar, honey, cinnamon, and cloves. Variations might include other nuts such as pistachios, almonds, or pecans, depending on the region and local preferences.

Baking baklava requires care, from carefully layering the ingredients to ensuring the syrup is perfectly balanced. The result is a treat that tantalizes the taste buds and elevates any special occasion. Enjoy the art and flavors of baklava as you create your very own masterpiece in the kitchen.