The Gifts of the Magi: Symbolism and Significance of Frankincense and Myrrh
The birth of Jesus Christ, as described in the Gospel of Matthew, marks a remarkable event not only because of its theological significance but also for the intriguing gifts presented by the Magi. These gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh shed light on the customs and symbolism of the ancient world. In this article, we will explore the likely motivations and the symbolic meanings of these offerings.
Background of the Event
According to the Gospel of Matthew, the Magi, or wise men, came from the east to worship the young Jesus. Their journey, guided by a celestial sign, led them to Jerusalem, where they questioned King Herod about the birth of the new king. After consultations and secret meetings, the Magi were directed to Bethlehem, where they found Jesus, the son of Mary and Joseph, with other members of his household.
Symbolic Gifts of the Magi
The gifts they presented to Jesus were gold, frankincense, and myrrh. While this narrative has often been romanticized and depicted in art, it is essential to understand the practical and symbolic significance behind each gift.
Gold
Gold was undoubtedly the most valuable of the three gifts. It represented material wealth, a sign that the Magi recognized the future greatness and royalty of the infant Jesus. In ancient times, gold was considered a symbol of divine power and a sign of royal birthright. The act of bringing gold symbolized their acknowledgment of Jesus' status as a future ruler.
Frankincense
Frankincense was another precious commodity brought by the Magi. This aromatic resin was widely used in religious ceremonies and was known for its purifying and sanctifying properties. Its value lay not just in its fragrance but also in its ceremonial significance. By presenting frankincense, the Magi were acknowledging Jesus as a spiritual leader and a figure worthy of divine worship.
Myrrh
Myrrh, like frankincense, was a costly substance used in various rituals and as a scent in religious ceremonies. It was also valued for its medicinal properties, particularly as a preservative and a painkiller. The Magi's gift of myrrh may have signified their acknowledgment of Jesus' future sacrifice and the hardships he would endure. Moreover, myrrh was sometimes included in embalming ointments, which could be interpreted as a symbolic gesture for Jesus' future role.
The Context and Motivations
Philip Kosloski's insightful commentary sheds light on the Magi's likely motivations. Historically, it was common for dignitaries and nobles to bring symbolic gifts to honor new rulers or deities. The Magi, having followed a celestial sign, were prepared to bring gifts befitting a future king. It appears that the gifts were prepared not just for Jesus but for the newborn prince they expected to find in Herod's palace.
The text "Herod called the Magi secretly to his palace," indicates that the Magi might have brought their gifts as protocol, expecting to receive a valuable reward for their good news. However, their expectation was not met, and they ultimately found Jesus in Bethlehem. Despite the disappointment, they still presented their gifts to the infant, recognizing the spiritual significance of their journey.
Conclusion
Gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh, which the Magi brought to baby Jesus, carry deep symbolism and historical significance. These offerings were not merely tokens of affection but were carefully chosen items that held religious and ritualistic value. Understanding the context and motivations behind these gifts provides a richer appreciation of the biblical narrative and the cultural practices of the ancient world.
Through the lenses of history and symbolism, the gifts of the Magi serve as a reminder of the reverence, faith, and respect with which people of that era approached the divine.